Rencontres avec des nomades musulmans, par Taha Publisher

En tant qu'expert du secteur, il est essentiel de faire preuve d'humilité, d'ouverture et de curiosité au contact des nomades musulmans. Un certain détachement vis-à-vis des conventions et des pressions permet d'adopter un point de vue unique, et d'apprécier la beauté et l'imprévisibilité de la vie. Il convient de considérer la vie comme une aventure à explorer, non à conquérir, et de trouver du réconfort dans la conscience que tout est éphémère et porteur de sens. De ce point de vue, on peut véritablement percevoir les choses telles qu'elles sont, sans idées préconçues, et embrasser le voyage en perpétuelle évolution de la vie.

Ta Ha Publisher

• Luqman Nagy

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ENCOUNTERS WITH
MUSLIM NOMADS
The Wandering
People who have Shaped the Islamic World
Written and Illustrated by
Luqman Nagy
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The French colonised North Africa (the 'Arab West') in the nineteenth century - Algeria in 1830, Tunisia in 1881, and Morocco in 1912. They theorised that, in the past, Morocco consisted of two distinct regions: the lands of state treasury, bled al-makhzan, and the lands of dissidence, bled al-siba.
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30 ENCOUNTERS WITH MUSLIM NOMADS
Berber nomads call themselves Amazight, or 'free or noble men'. Unfortunately, they are known inthe West as Berbers, an offensive term originating in ancient times. The Ancient Greeks referred to all people not able to understand their language as barbaroi, or 'barbarians. The Ancient Romans, not unlike the Greeks, used the term 'Berber' (from the Latin barbarus) to denote the incomprehensible foreign tribes they found inhabiting North Africa.
Throughout their long history, the Berbers were never a unified people. Today, approximately 25 million Berbers inhabit a broad swath of territory comprising many North African and Sahelian nations. They can be found living along the Atlantic coast of Morocco, and as far east as the Siwa Oasis in western Egypt and from the banks of the Mediterranean Sea to the Niger River.
The Berbers, who account for sixty percent of Morocco's population, speak Tamazight (+oCoX4+) a very ancient language, which employs the equally ancient and unique Tifinagh script, derived from a Berber writing system in use for two millennia. A modified version of this ancient script is now employed in Moroccan elementary schools in teaching the Berber language, which became a mandatory subject in 2001.
A century ago the majority of Moroccan Berbers lived a rural semi-nomadic existence, making their semi-annual trek from the desert plains and mountain slopes to the grazing areas of the Middle and High Atlas Mountains. Today, the actual number of families making these migrations has fallen drastically. In 1988, for example, while several hundred families migrated, today only a dozen or so continue this tradition. The migration route is not a haphazard one. To reach the grazing pastures, the nomads ply the same welltrodden sheep paths their ancestors have used for generations.
1 These countries are Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Niger, Mali, Mauritania, and Burkina Faso
2 Southam, Morocco's Last Berbers on their 4,000-year-old Annual Migration- a Tradition that is now
under Threat
Berbers of the Atlas Mountains 31
When temperatures start to rise in spring, the Berber nomads proceed to migrate from the Saharan lowlands to the cooler, higher elevations of the Atlas Mountains where they erect their camel-hair tents.
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YÖRÜKLER OF THE TAURUS MOUNTAINS
The pastoral nomads of Türkiye, the Yörükler, are thought to have originally migrated westward from Central Asia in the eleventh century. They first entered Anatolia (the highlands of central Türkiye) with the waves of Seljuq migrants immediately after the Battle of Malazgirt
1 The term derives from the Turkish verb yürümek (to walk'), Yörükler, therefore, means those: who walk, ie, the walkers' or 'wanderers'
2 The decisive battle took place on August 26, 1071 on the plains of Malazgirt in eastern Türkiye The Turkish Seljuq army led by Alp Arslan defeated the Greek Byzantine Emperor Romanus Diogenes IV. This proved to be one of the most important battles in the history of Western Asia. The Sejugs were thus able to extend the frontiers of Islam into the very heart of Byzantine Christian territory in an extremely short period of time, vast tracts of former Greek-speaking land became forever Turkish. (Nagy. The Book of Islamic Dynasties, 47, 49)