Mawlana Ashraf Ali Thanwi was a renowned Indian Islamic scholar, jurist, spiritual reformer, and author from the Deobandi school of thought. He was born in Thana Bhawan, India, in 1863 and became widely known by the title Hakim al-Ummah (“Sage of the Muslim Community”). He studied at Darul Uloom Deoband and authored hundreds of influential Islamic books covering fiqh, tafsir, spirituality, ethics, and Islamic reform. His most famous works include Bahishti Zewar and Bayan ul Quran. He played a major role in Islamic education and spiritual reform across the Indian subcontinent.